Central Asia in world history by Peter B. Golden

By Peter B. Golden

"A titanic quarter stretching approximately from the Volga River to Manchuria and the northern chinese language borderlands, critical Asia has been known as the 'pivot of history,' a land the place nomadic invaders and Silk street investors replaced the destinies of states that ringed its borders, together with pre-modern Europe, the center East, and China. In critical Asia in global historical past, Peter B. Golden presents an enticing account of this significant area, starting from prehistory to the current, and focusing principally at the designated melting pot of cultures that this area has produced. Golden describes the investors who braved the warmth and chilly alongside caravan routes to hyperlink East Asia and Europe; the Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan and his successors, the most important contiguous land empire in historical past; the discovery of gunpowder, which allowed the nice sedentary empires to beat the horse-based nomads; the facility struggles of Russia and China, and later Russia and Britain, for keep watch over of the world. eventually, he discusses the zone at the present time, a key zone that acquaintances such geopolitical scorching spots as Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and China"--Provided by means of writer.  Read more... advent: a layering of peoples -- the increase of nomadism and oasis city-states -- The early nomads: "sarfare is their company" -- Heavenly Qaghans: the Türks and their successors -- The towns of the Silk highway and the arriving of Islam -- Crescent over the Steppe: Islam and the Turkic peoples -- The Mongol whirlwind -- The later Chinggisids, Temür and the Timurid renaissance -- The age of tunpowder and the overwhelm of empires -- the issues of modernity

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Agricultural settlements, termed rustak/rustâq, surrounded the cities. They produced the melons for which Central Asia was famous, as well as fruits, grapes, vegetables, grains, and other food products. Cloth production, ceramics, glassware, and the manufacture of a host of utensils, ranging from cookware to weapons, were also an important part of the economy. Archaeological excavations of cities such as Taraz (in Kazakhstan) and Samarkand show that the designs on the products often catered to the stylistic preferences of the neighboring nomads as well as the local urban population.

12 Sima Qian claimed that “plundering and marauding” was their response to crises. ”13 They organized their army in units of 10, 100, 1000, and 10,000, divided into right and left wings with the commander at the 26 C entral Asia in Wor l d Histo r y Eucratides I the Great, who issued numerous coins, was, according to Strabo, master of a thousand cities—probably an exaggeration. He appears to have seized power, touching off a civil war among the ever-fractious power holders in the Graeco-Bactrian kingdom and contributing, not long after his death, to its demise.

2 It did not have any of the racial connotations it acquired in the 20th century. By 2000 bce, at the latest, the Indo-Iranians, who were agriculturalists and livestock breeders, had split into the linguistic ancestors of the Indic-speaking populations of South Asia and the Iranian-speaking populations of Iran and Central Asia today. Indo-Aryans, probably coming through Afghanistan, entered South Asia around 1500 bce, encountering the older Harappan civilization and Dravidian peoples. It was earlier thought that this was a sudden, mass invasion that dislocated, destroyed, or enslaved the earlier inhabitants.

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