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Additional info for IEEE STD 242-2001 Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
Sample text
Today, most analysts choose to perform these calculations using computers, and the procedure outlined in Item a) through Item h) assumes that computers are used. However, the basic principles apply to manual calculations although the analyst in that instance should be more careful to decide up front precisely what information is needed in order to minimize the amount of tedious work to be done. a) b) c) State the problem to be solved. The nature of the problem determines the type of calculation to be done and, in turn, dictates what specific data are required.
Many ground relays are wired to receive the residual current from a set of three-phase current transformers (CTs) and, as such, measure a physical current that can be described in the language of symmetrical components as three times the zero-sequence branch current. Often, computer programs produce the zero-sequence current distribution without the three multiplier. 8 kV feeder serving the 2 Mvar power factor capacitor on Bus 4. 8 kV, 2 Mvar capacitor feeder on Bus 4. 65) is present due primarily to the close proximity of the generator, which contributes 4080 A of symmetrical current.
Positive-sequence reactance is also usually available from the generator manufacturer’s data sheet, but normally several values exist from which to choose. As noted in Table 2-1, the value to be used in a calculation of short-circuit currents depends upon the intended use of the result of that calculation. The definitions given in Equation (2-5) for positive-, negative-, and zero-sequence voltage and current phasor sets also suggest another important consideration in the representation of synchronous machines in symmetrical component terminology.