Minority Languages, Education and Communities in China by L. Tsung

By L. Tsung

The book outlines the evolution and position of minority languages in the community and nationally; it investigates present academic language regulations in minority parts; and it assesses the social and fiscal results of language switch for groups in modern China.

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Extra resources for Minority Languages, Education and Communities in China (Palgrave Studies in Minority Languages and Communities)

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That these Minorities in the Past 39 non-Han students faced special difficulties in language learning was recognized when two scripts, Han and non-Han were allowed. The King of Gaochang in the Xiyu (Xinjiang today) area, sent students to the Imperial College at Chang’an where both Han and non-Han scripts were in use. , 1994, pp. 59–60). Non-Han officials were now appointed by Tang emperors and served in important positions in the court. Wang believed that 65 nonHan people, including nine Koreans, one Japanese and one Indian, held important positions in the Tang Imperial Court.

Some members of Miao sub-groups, most notably of the Hmong/Mong, have migrated into northern Vietnam, Laos, Burma and Thailand with large groups of Hmong/Mong refugees now resettled in several Western nations. According to Chinese legend, the Miao are descended from the Jiuli tribe led by Chiyou who had three sons. After the fall of the Jiuli tribe, Chiyou’s eldest son led some people south, his middle son led some people north, and his youngest son remained in Zhuolu where they were assimilated into the Huaxia culture.

Ningxia was a trade and transportation hub between the eastern and western regions of ancient China during the Tang and Han Dynasties (206 BC – AD 907). The Tu, the third largest ethnic community in Qinghai, live mainly in the counties of Huzhu, Minhe and Datong as well as in several counties in Gansu. They earn their living by farming and raising animals, Minority Communities and Languages 23 specializing in sheep breeding. Their staple food is Qingke, a kind of highland barley. Their language belongs to the Mongolian group of the Altaic language family and although a Tu script was created in 1979 most Tu write in Chinese.

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