By Richard A. Prayson
Richard A. Prayson, md, summarizes in define shape for energetic pathologists and citizens in training-as good as these looking a concise updated evaluate of the topic -the crucial portion of the neuropathology curriculum. subject matters variety from uncomplicated info at the spectrum of neurologic-related ailment to pertinent pictorial examples of many neuropathologic stipulations. for every subject there are self-assessment checks in line with either textual and pictorial fabric, besides pattern solutions and motives designed to assist comprehension and realizing. Concise but accomplished, Neuropathology evaluation presents an efficient and easy-to-use refresher direction for these operating pathologists wishing to replace their abilities, in addition to for these getting ready to take board tests in neuropathology.
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Richard A. Prayson, md, summarizes in define shape for lively pathologists and citizens in training-as good as these looking a concise updated evaluate of the topic -the crucial portion of the neuropathology curriculum. issues variety from easy info at the spectrum of neurologic-related ailment to pertinent pictorial examples of many neuropathologic stipulations.
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Subdural hemorrhage • Trauma related, full term with prolonged labor • Laceration of falx or tentorium CHAPTER 5 / CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS, PERINATAL DISEASE AND PHACOMATOSES • Damage to bridging veins, straight sinus, vein of Galen • Posterior fossa rare, more serious than convexity • Subdural hygroma—hematoma encased by neomembrane M. Ponto-subicular necrosis • Neuronal necrosis in basis pontis ± subiculum • Pathogenesis may be function of disordered flow through vertebrobasilar circulation N.
Rosettes • True rosettes (tumor cells themselves form a lumen) ◦ Flexner Wintersteiner ᭤ Small lumen ᭤ Cuboidal lining Retinoblastoma ᭤ ◦ Ependymal ᭤ Ependymal lining ᭤ Ciliary attachment (blepharoplast) ᭤ Cilia in 9 : 1 orientation Canal/channel with long lumen • Pseudorosettes (tumor cells arrange themselves around something) ᭤ ◦ Perivascular ᭤ ᭤ Uniformly arranged cells Vessel center 23 CHAPTER 3 / TUMORS ◦ Homer Wright ᭤ Fibrillary core ᭤ Neuroblastic differentiation ᭤ Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) B.
Lateral transtentorial herniation • AKA: parahippocampal/uncal herniation • Usually occurs with lateral supratentorial masses • Earliest change is displacement of the uncus and parahippocampal gyrus beneath the tentorial notch ◦ Location of the mass relative to CSF and venous outflow is important ◦ Increased ICP also related to tissue edema B. Generalized brain swelling (edema)—increase in brain volume because of increased tissue water content • Gyri flattened ◦ Eventually hemorrhagic necrosis occurs • Narrow sulci ◦ Herniating tissue alters the relationship of structures to the tentorium • Prominent pacchionian granulations • In chronic cases, bony erosion may result • Increased brain weight ◦ Kernohan’s notch—damage to the contralateral cerebral peduncle • Obstruction of subarachnoid space and decreased ventricular size.