By Liviu Crainic, Mihai Munteanu
This publication examines and provides crucial features of the habit, research, layout and detailing of bolstered concrete structures subjected to powerful seismic task. Seismic layout is a very advanced challenge that has visible astounding improvement within the final many years. the current quantity attempts to teach how the rules and strategies of earthquake engineering may be utilized to seismic research and layout of strengthened concrete structures.
The publication starts off with an updated presentation of primary facets of strengthened concrete habit quantified via constitutive legislation for monotonic and hysteretic loading. simple strategies of post-elastic research like plastic hinge, plastic size, fiber versions, and strong and volatile hysteretic behaviour are, for that reason, outlined and commented upon. For a deeper realizing of seismic layout philosophy and of static and dynamic post-elastic research, seismic habit of alternative forms of bolstered concrete constructions (frames, partitions) is tested intimately. subsequent, up to date equipment for research and layout are offered. The robust proposal of structural process is outlined and systematically used to give an explanation for the reaction to seismic task, in addition to the methods for research and detailing of universal construction buildings. numerous case reports are awarded. The ebook isn't code-oriented. The structural layout codes are topic to consistent reevaluation and updating. instead of featuring code provisions, this publication bargains a coherent procedure of notions, ideas and strategies, which facilitate realizing and alertness of any layout code.
The content material of this publication is predicated ordinarily at the authors’ own adventure that is a mix in their educating and learn job in addition to their paintings within the inner most quarter as structural designers. The paintings will serve to aid scholars and researchers, in addition to structural designers to raised comprehend the elemental features of habit and research of bolstered concrete constructions and therefore to realize wisdom that would be certain a valid layout of buildings.
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Extra resources for Seismic Performance of Concrete Buildings: Structures and Infrastructures Book Series, Vol. 9
Example text
3. (i) Input data. 4a. 4c. 4 a) Rectangular R/C element. b) Constitutive law for concrete. c) Constitutive law for steel Geometric data: bw = 400 mm. 0035 Simplified approach: concrete is working only in compression (tension is neglected). σ–ε relationship is the parabola-rectangle. Steel: fy = 300 MPa Es = 200 GPa Simplified approach: steel is working similar both in tension and in compression. σ–ε relationship is the elastic-perfect plastic relationship. εy = fy /Es – Hook’s relationship. 0035 is reached in the most compressed fiber of the section.
3). So, the constitutive laws for reinforced concrete elements will be expressed through algebraic set of equations with coefficients that depends on the loading level and the “loading history’’ (the way in which loading was applied). The most general constitutive laws for reinforced concrete elements can be condensed in a matrix form. Stiffness matrix for reinforced concrete elements depends on sectional stress-strain relationship, on loading level and on loading history. The structural analysis through stiffness matrix with variable components depending on loading level is the most exact method but it requires important resources (memory space and time for processing) and the physical phenomena developed within element are hard to follow.
11). 7. 5 B eh a v i o r o f E l e m e n t s w i t h Hi gh She ar Let us consider a reinforced concrete member working in linear elastic range. 26, M/Vh is the shear span ratio. The lower the shear span ratio is, the greater the influence of the shear stress will be (Marti, P. 1991). e. members with an aspect-ratio L/h lower than 2–3 (see Fig. 28) each end of the element is a discontinuity region (de Saint-Venant principle). Practically the entire element is a discontinuity region. Therefore the elastic field is two-dimensional and has to be analyzed only in twodimensions.