By Apuleius; David Londey, Carmen Johanson
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Additional resources for The Logic of Apuleius. Including a complete Latin text and English translation of the Peri hermeneias of Apuleius of Madaura (Philosophia Antiqua)
Example text
B.!. VII, "enough has surely been said about these matters"-enough anyway to exhibit the complexity of Apuleius's fundamental conception of the proposition. I, Apuleius is able to go on to talk about the structure and classification of propositions. We shall sketch out the key points of his discussion; THE CHARACTER OF THE PER! II, he divides propositions into the "predicative" and the "substitutive or conditional". Despite the apparent synonymy of "substitutive" and "conditional", it seems clear enough that all compound propositions are substitutive.
In saying that, we are, of course, assuming that the propositions united in a conjugation are predicative, and that there are just two of them. VII on, we need to explore it further. If one examines the definition quoted above, it is immediately cle~r that it stresses the role of the "common particle" (the middle term, in Aristotelian language) in a quite careful fashion. Apuleius says only that it is this common particle which makes the propositions in the conjugation able to determine a conclusion.
This is quite natural, since the common particle must occur in one set of positions or another-so a conjugation consisting, say, of two universal dedicatives will constitute a possible pair of premisses in the first formula if the common particle is declarative in one and subjective in the other; in the second formula, if it is declarative in both; and in the third formula, if it is subjective in both. This prompts the question whether there are sixteen or forty eight conjugations (or, to be absolutely precise, types of conjugation, since presumably a specific conjugation's identity is determined by the specific propositions united in it).