By John Bowker
The Targums are interpretative translations of the Hebrew textual content of the Bible which originated in Synagogue instructing, the place an interpretation of the Hebrew textual content needed to be given orally for the good thing about non-Hebrew talking congregations. Over the centuries, a unfastened 'Targum culture' started to shape and the written Aramaic Targums can top be understood as crystallisations of the Targum culture at diverse issues of time. within the first a part of this publication Professor Bowker examines the emergence and improvement of Jewish exegesis and the significance of the Targums. taking into consideration that Jewish and rabbinic fabric is being more and more utilized to difficulties of Christian origins, he offers a entire creation to the topic (referring to the texts and translations so much available) with emphasis on contemporary paintings and discoveries. the second one a part of the e-book provides genuine fabric in translation, exhibiting how Jewish exegesis arrived at its interpretations of Scripture.
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Extra resources for The Targums and Rabbinic Literature: An Introduction to Jewish Interpretations of Scripture
Sample text
4 The extent of Targum Onqelos' linguistic agreement with the Palestinian Targum-tradition makes it unlikely that the haggadic elements were introduced into a literal translation as a result of Babylonian editing—which was the conclusion reached, for example, by H. Barnstein, The Targum of Onkelos . . 5 The Palestinian Targum-tradition, whatever stage it had reached at the time when Onqelos was produced, was not a translation: its purpose was to expound the Hebrew text as well as to represent it, as has been said above.
C. Doubles, op. cit. P. 23. g. from that of V, B, N, L. 9 For a summary, see M. C. Doubles, op. cit. pp. 21 f. 21 Downloaded from University Publishing Online. 251 on Fri Jan 27 11:57:56 GMT 2012. 005 THE BACKGROUND OF THE TARGUMS d. T A R G U M O N Q E L O S . The usual view of Targum Onqelos is that it is an official Babylonian version of the Palestinian Targum. 1 This has been argued on three main grounds: (i) The language of Onqelos is different; it is literary Aramaic. P. Kahle summarised: ' Concerning the language of Targum Onqelos, 1 For a long time Babylonian and Palestinian Judaism existed side by side.
2 It must also be remembered that Pseudo-Jonathan is not necessarily a static work, but that it may have been changed during the course of its transmission to keep it 'up to date*. 26 Downloaded from University Publishing Online. 251 on Fri Jan 27 11:57:56 GMT 2012. 1 There is no doubt that what is needed is the publication of the known versions of the Palestinian Targum-tradition in synoptic form, but the cost might be prohibitive—though if it were done it might well throw important light on the methodology of the synoptic study of the Gospels.