By David A. Bernat
Booklet by way of Bernat, David A.
Read or Download Sign of the Covenant: Circumcision in the Priestly Tradition (Ancient Israel and Its Literature) PDF
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Additional resources for Sign of the Covenant: Circumcision in the Priestly Tradition (Ancient Israel and Its Literature)
Example text
32 This solution is problematic on several counts: As noted above, the most relevant attestation of tw) is Gen 9:13, 17, as it is the only occurrence, aside from Gen 17:11, of the full phrase tyrIb%; twO) . In that case, the sign is placed by God and is explicitly a reminder to him. By analogy, circumcision should be understood as a sign for the one who affixes it, the Israelite male, not YHWH. Second, the distribution of the key phrase tyrb rkz does not support the thesis that circumcision is a reminder for God.
19 Sections 1, 2, 4, and 5 refer to divine promises, while section 3 contains the command tyrb. The content of the relevant passages makes the division quite clear. Section 3, Gen 17:9–14, is comprised of a series of instructions governing the practice of circumcision. The other four units describe various commitments made by God to Abraham, Sarah, Isaac, Ishmael, and their descendants. That the individual units are distinguished by the category of tyrb they describe is also evident by the verbs utilized within them.
20. The text specifies two types of hireling, the b#$wt and the ryk#&. The former resided at his employer’s premises, while the latter was a wage laborer who lived in his own home. The pair ryk#&/b#$wt is attested in P in Lev 22:10; 25:6, 40. Lev 19:13 enjoins the Israelite to pay the ryk#& every day without fail. 22 sign of the covenant alien resides with you and performs a paschal offering to YHWH, all his males must be circumcised, and then he may approach to perform it. He shall be as a native of the land.