By Günter Bischof, Anton Pelinka, Alexander Lassner
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Extra info for The Dollfuss Schuschnigg Era in Austria: A Reassessment (Contemporary Austrian Studies) (Volume 11)
Example text
In March 1937, it reached its high point, only to decline again in the second half of the year. As the monthly reports of the Austrian Institute of Business Cycle Research noted,"... "26 In the 1930s, investment activities in Austria, which were rather weak throughout the interwar period, even failed to meet the rates of the previous decade. Mirroring the fluctuations of the business cycle, the ratio of gross investment to GNP at market prices was 6% in 1924. It grew to 10% during the consolidation phase up to 1929.
When the bank's balance sheet deficit became known (ATS 140 million), loan funds were quickly withdrawn and gigantic amounts of capital left the country. The bank crisis led to a currency crisis when the reserves of the National Bank melted to less than one-twelfth of their original stock and the minimum cover ratio was reached. The rescue package put an enormous drain on the public budget. 36 Because the Credit-Anstalt had merged with the Wiener Bankverein and continued the business activities of the Niederosterreichische Eskomptegesellschaft (of which the Osterreichische IndustriekreditAG was left as a kind of holding company), only one major bank remained when the reconstruction was completed in 1934.
Its development was impeded by the postwar inflation, which reached its climax in 1922, the stability crisis in 1923, and a series of bank collapses, which started in 1924. In the second half of the 1920s, the economy in Austria achieved some consolidation, but still suffered from structural weaknesses, a chronic trade deficit, and a high unemployment rate. 5 The global economic crisis had a disastrous effect on the economy of the small country. The depression caused sales to plummet, which in turn caused increasing numbers of companies to collapse and the unemployment rate to explode.