By John L. Provis, Jannie S. J. van Deventer
This is a cutting-edge file caused by the paintings of RILEM Technical Committee 224-AAM within the interval 2007-2013. The file summarises examine to this point within the region of alkali-activated binders and concretes, with a specific specialize in the next components: binder layout and characterisation, sturdiness trying out, commercialisation, standardisation, and supplying a historic context for this rapidly-growing learn field.
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Extra resources for Alkali Activated Materials: State-of-the-Art Report, RILEM TC 224-AAM
Example text
Purdon [166] performed the first extensive laboratory study on cements consisting of slag and caustic soda, with and without lime, in 1940. However, there was only very limited activity in this area in the succeeding decades, as the focus of research and development remained in the production and optimisation of Portland cements and the concretes synthesised from them. 2 Historical Aspects and Overview 37 In the late 1970s, the French chemical engineer Davidovits reignited interest in this area with the development of alkali-activated binders based on metakaolin, and coined the term “geopolymer” to describe his products [167–171].
National scientific meetings in this area have been held since 2004, and a national technical committee has been established through the Chinese Ceramic Society to provide organisation and information exchange. 2 Financial Aspects of Alkali and Raw Materials Supply in China The main issue related to the uptake of AAM binders and concretes in China, in common with many areas in which the price of Portland cement is relatively low, is the relatively higher cost associated with the production of alkali-activated concretes.
81, 82]) In a processing context, aside from their obviously highly corrosive nature, the most important properties of concentrated hydroxide solutions that must be considered are viscosity, and the heat released by the dissolution of the solid alkali hydroxide compounds during preparation of the solutions. The viscosity of even highly concentrated alkali hydroxide solutions rarely exceeds that of water by more than a factor of 10 [76], and this is a marked advantage over comparable alkali silicate solutions, as will be discussed in Sect.