By Carsten Q. Schneider
Qualitative Comparative research (QCA) and different set-theoretic tools distinguish themselves from different techniques to the learn of social phenomena by utilizing units and the quest for set family. In nearly all social technology fields, statements approximately social phenomena will be framed by way of set family members, and utilizing set-theoretic the right way to examine those statements is as a result hugely worthy. This booklet publications readers in the course of the easy ideas of set concept after which directly to the utilized practices of QCA. It presents an intensive figuring out of simple and complex concerns in set-theoretic equipment including tips of the exchange, software program dealing with and workouts. so much arguments are brought utilizing examples from present examine. using QCA is expanding speedily and the appliance of set-theory is either fruitful and nonetheless greatly misunderstood in present empirical comparative social study. This publication offers the great consultant to those tools for researchers around the social sciences
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Additional resources for Set-theoretic methods for the social sciences : a guide to qualitative comparative analysis
Example text
However, cases often fall in-between these two qualitatively different endpoints. Just think of all the so-called “electoral democracies” or any of the numerous “democracies with adjectives” (Collier and Levitsky 1997) identified in the literature. A closer look at the unquestionably democratic cases in North America and Western Europe also reveals the existence of interesting and analytically relevant differences – both across time and across countries – that defy a straightforward classification as democracies versus non-democracies (for instance, declining trust in the political class or the rise of far-right movements might be said to undermine democracy).
2 and so on. Using a fractional logit model, these preliminary set-membership scores are then regressed on the raw data. 05. 1 5 10 15 20 percentage of all-day schools 25 TH 30 Membership in fuzzy set of Länder with underdeveloped all-day schools plotted against percentage of pupils enrolled in all-day schools values of this model are then used as the fuzzy-set membership scores. Thus, if interval-scale data are at hand, the direct and indirect method of calibration can be fruitfully applied and represent progress in one of the core issues of settheoretic methods: the creating and calibration of sets.
Sometimes, however, we do have one data source and it is an interval-scale measure. 3 When interval-scale data are at hand, researchers have several calibration options. In this section, we first describe what one should not do when calibrating sets based on interval scales. We then provide a good example of how to combine case knowledge and empirical distribution for meaningful set calibration. Then, in a separate section, we describe the direct and indirect methods of calibration (Ragin 2008a, 2008b).